Carbon quantum dotmodified carbon paste electrodebased. Perspectives of carbon paste electrodes in stripping. Most of these electrodes are operated via the ionexchange process of the active component incorporated into the carbon paste matrix. The use of carbon paste electrodes in potentiometry core. In the present paper a simple potentiometric chemically modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of atorvastatin calcium is presented. In this manner, different kinds of carbon nanomaterial, i. Carbon paste electrode modified with functionalized nanoporous. The construction and performance characteristics of carbon paste electrodes for oxomemazine hydrochloride oxcl are described. Carbon paste electrodes in stripping potentiometry core.
Carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry core. The prepared electrodes can be counted as end point indicator electrode for potentiometric titration of oxomemazine hydrochloride oxcl resulting in a high. Potentiometry with ion selective electrodes ise is one of the most important analytical tools capable of determining both organic and inorganic substances in medicobiological practice 12. Gohari h 2016 determination of magnesium in blood serum by using carbon paste ion selective electrode based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and nano silicon. Different methods for electrode fabrication modified with the ionpair, ion pairing agent or soaking the plain electrode in the ionpair suspension have been used. A carbonpaste electrode cpe is made from a mixture of conducting graphite powder and a pasting liquid. When the sulfide concentration is within a range of 1. Carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry serbian.
A new chemically modified carbon paste electrode for cesiumi ion determination based on potassium zinc hexacyanoferrate pzhcf as an ionophore was prepared. The unmodified carbon paste electrode ucpe was prepared by mixing 70% ww graphite powder and 30% ww paraffin oil homogenized by hand for 30 min using pestle and mortar. Electrodes and potetiometry minnesota state university. The pce drawn with a pencil as a working electrode we and the agagcl paste as a re were adopted for a paperbased potentiometry system. Matrix compositions were optimized on the basis of effects of type and content of the modifier as well. Sorry, we are unable to provide the full text but you may find it at the following locations.
Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. The carbon paste electrode, sensor ii was prepared by 475. It has a response time of about 35 s and can be used for a period. Multiwall carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode for determination of copperii by potentiometric and impedimetric methods m. Pdf carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry. Naeimid a department of chemistry, faculty of science, yazd university, yazd, i. Cu wire carbon paste test solutionkcl salt brigeagagcl.
Potentiometric stripping analysis is employed for highly sensitive measurements of singlestranded dna at carbon paste electrodes. A new potentiometric method for determining sulfide is investigated. Carbon paste components and their choice optimal selection of both carbon powder and pasting liquid can undoubtedly be ranked among the most important factors influencing the resultant behaviour of carbon pastes15. In situ modified screen printed and carbon paste ion. Determination of trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride drug in. This study compares between unmodified carbon paste cpe. A double junction agagcl electrode was used as an external reference electrode. Pdf an overview is given dealing with the applications of carbon paste electrodes in equilibrium potentiometry as well as in electrochemical stripping. In this work, two kinds of potentiometric sensor were introduced. A nanocomposite carbon paste lanthanumiii sensor int. Cyclic voltammetry in a cyclic voltammetry experiment the working electrode potential is.
Carbon paste is an attractive electrode material due to its electrochemical characteristics, including a very low background current, low ohmic resistance, coste ectiveness, and simple electrode surface renewal 24. In staircase voltammetry the potential sweep is a series of stair steps. In recent decade a number of potentiometric sensors for laiii and other. Using nanosilica and multiwalled carbon nanotube mwcnt in the composition of carbon paste electrodes causes improvement in their characterizations. The cell was a onesection cell with an internal volume of 20 ml. The current is measured at the end of each potential change, right before the next. An overview is given dealing with the applications of carbon paste electrodes in equilibrium potentiometry as well as in electrochemical stripping analysis using both voltammetric and potentiometric modes. Carbon paste electrodes are a class of ion selective electrodes with a high physical stability, long lifetime, the versatility of chemical modification, miniaturization, and rapid renewal of the electrode surface 1724. This work compares the electroactivity of conventional carbon paste and screenprinted carbon paste electrodes towards potentiometric titration of npz.
The electrochemical system for each electrode is represented as follows. The potentiometric response of the electrode is independent of the ph of the test solution in the ph range 4. This contribution is dealing with potentiometric ionpair formation based titrations of surfactants using ionselective electrodes of carbon paste type. Carbon paste ionselective electrodes for potentiometric. Comparison of different carbon nanostructures influence on. Potentiometric response of modified carbon paste electrode. Open journal of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry eertech citation. Zeolite used in this study was ts1 type zeolite that was synthesized with mole ratio of teos, tbot, tpaoh, and h 2 o of 1. A new chemically modified carbon paste electrode for cdii ions based on 3,5dinitrontri2pyridyl methyl benzamide dntpmba as an ionophore was prepared. Modified carbon paste sensors were applied as a working electrode. Carbon paste electrode modified imprinted zeolite as a. The lof ascorbic acid, creatinine and creatine is followed by introducing each compound of a varying concentration to the uric acid.
The modified electrode showed high electrocatalytic activity toward cysteine. Determination of magnesium in blood serum by using carbon. Modified carbon paste electrode for potentiometric determination of aluminium ion in spiked real water sample1. Recently, different carbon nanomaterials were introduced for construction of electrochemical sensors. The agagcl paste is often used for paperbased sensors because the re can be easily fabricated by applying the paste to the paper surface and drying it. Such chemically modified carbon paste electrodes cmcpes posses several advantages over the polymeric membrane ion selective electrodes, including ease of preparation, low ohmic resistance, low. A disk about 7mm diameter of the membrane was cut out and glued with the aid of pvcthf slurry to the end of a pvc tube. Preparation and characterization of carbon paste electrode. Open journal of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry eertech. Carbon paste electrode modified imprinted zeolite have been developed as a sensor to analyze creatine by potentiometry. Preparation and characterization of carbon paste electrode modified with tin and hexacyanoferrate ions reza e.
Voltammetric characterization of activated carbons in modified carbon paste electrodes. The sensor showed good selectivity for cpm with respect to a large number of inorganic. The data reported in literature demonstrate that carbon paste electrodes cpes are very suitable for a variety of applications and many works have thus been devoted to developing new ionselective electrodes based on carbon paste as the electrode material of choice. Erythromycintetraphenyl borate ionpair was employed as a sensing element in construction of both electrodes. Electrochemical oxidative pretreatment is used to condition the carbon paste surface prior to the accumulation. By convention, all reactions are written as reductions. Keywords carbon paste electrodes, electroanalysis, sensors, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals.
Reference electrode reversible and obey nernst equation exhibit a potential that is constant with time return to its original potential after being subjected to small currents high exchange current little change in potential with temperature behave as an ideal nonpolarizable electrode. A platinum wire and an agagcl electrode saturated kcl were used as the counter and reference electrodes, respectively. Potentiometry, carbon paste electrode, copper ion, copperselectivity. A carbonpaste electrode for trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride drug thpcl was prepared and fully characterized in terms of composition, usable ph range and temperature. The potentiometric response of silver ion was investigated at a carbon paste electrode chemically modified with functionalized nanoporous silica gel. Carbon paste electrodes containing silicone or paraffin oil as the pasting liquids, preplated with a mercury film, were tested for possible use in potentiometric stripping determination of heavy. Both sensors respond based on ionexchange mechanism.
Potentiometric determination of ketotifen fumarate in. Hereby, mwcnts were used in the carbon paste composition to meliorate the electrical conductivity and sensitivity of the carbon paste owing to its exceptional physicochemical characteristics. In this study, the influence of carbon nanomaterial on performance of carbon paste potentiometric electrode was investigated. The electrode potentials represent a measure of the driving force for the two halfreactions of the electrochemical cell. Carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry. Potentiometric determination of asenapine maleate using. Sabzi, all hasanzadeh, khosrow ghasemlu and parvaneh heravi department of chemistry, faculty of science, urmia university, urmia, iran received 9. Development of a novel mwcntstriazenemodified carbon.
Carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry doiserbia. This chemically modified carbon paste electrode was successfully used for the determination of cuii in electronics waste sample solution. Chemically modified cpes have frequently been employed as potentiometric sensors in trace analysis for metal ions, organic pollutants and biological substances. Application of the prepared and fully characterized copper complex in modification of carbon paste electrode for potentiometric determination of copper ions in water samplesoptimized geometry and. The electrode exhibits a nernstian response for cdii ions over a wide concentration range 2. Highly sensitive potentiometry for determination of. Electrochemical anion sensor for monohydrogen phosphate. Pdf carbon paste electrodes in modern electroanalysis. Carbon paste electrodes for oxomemazine hydrochloride. Experimental sensing and density functional theory study. The potential of an electrochemical cell is the difference between the potential of the cathode and that of the anode. Multiwall carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode.
Modified carbon paste electrode for potentiometric. Pdf recent trends and advances in the electrochemistry with both unmodified. Characterization of the microdistribution of conductive and insulating regions of carbon paste electrodes with scanning tunneling microscopy. In this approach, a new chemically modified carbon paste electrode was assembled for potentiometric assay of mercuryii ion in the aqueous environments. Construction and performance characterization of screen. The present paper describes the development of a new chemically modified carbon paste electrode based on azithromycin amc that. There is a constant progress in the number of electrodes capable of selectively identifying various drugs such as carbon paste electrodes cpes 18. The proposed electrode shows a very good selectivity for cuii over a wide variety of metal ions. The homogenized paste was allowed to rest for 24 hr, and then the paste was packed into the tip. Imprinted zeolite iz was synthesized by mole ratio of creatinesi of 0. These electrodes are simple to make and offer an easily renewable surface for electron exchange.
Chemically modified carbon paste ionselective electrodes for. The electrode was applied to the potentiometric determination of thp ion in its pharmaceutical preparation and urine samples. Modified carbon paste electrode for potentiometric determination of. Ionselective carbon paste electrode based on new tripodal. The proposed chemically modified carbon paste electrode exhibited a nernstian response for cpm over a wide concentration range of 1. It exhibits a high selectivity and a desired reproducibility. The potential response behavior is caused by carbon paste extractionor adsorption of the matter being measured and the redox potential mechanism.
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